Why Lithium Iron Phosphate Batteries Are Safer Than Ternary Lithium Batteries
Lithium iron phosphate (LiFePO4) battery and ternary lithium battery differ in several ways, particularly when it comes to "energy density" and "safety." While ternary lithium batteries offer higher energy density, their safety is often a concern. In comparison, lithium iron phosphate batteries have lower energy density, but they are widely regarded as safer. For example, with 18650 battery (diameter: 18mm, height: 65mm), ternary lithium battery can have a capacity of up to 3500mAh, while a LiFePO4 battery maxes out at around 2000mAh in the same volume. 1. Higher Thermal Stability LiFePO4 batteries have a higher thermal runaway temperature (~270°C or 518°F), compared to ternary lithium batteries (~200°C or 392°F). Thermal runaway is a condition where excessive heat causes a chain reaction that may lead to fire or explosion. The higher the thermal stability, the safer the battery, particularly under extreme conditions like overcharging, overheating, o...